![]() ![]() The seven upper pairs of ribs attach directly to the sternum with hyaline cartilage. They start at the thoracic vertebrae and curve towards the front of the body. The ribs form the thoracic cage, which protects the lungs, heart and other thoracic organs. The ribs Most people have 12 pairs of ribs, although some have a 13th, known as the cervical ribs - the rib remnants of the seventh neck of vertebrae - and some only have 11 pairs. At the top of the sternum is the suprasternal notch,Ī large visible dip where the sternum joins the neck. This is thickest in the manubrium between the articular facets for the clavicles. The sternum is composed of highly vascular cancellous tissue, which is covered by a thin layer of compact bone. Between the body and the xiphoid process is the xiphisternal joint, which is commonly used as a landmark when initiating cardiac compressions in basic life support. It is at this point that the sternum can move anteriorly and posteriorly to allow the lungs to expand and contract with breathing (Marieb, 2003). The sternum There are three areas (from top to bottom):īetween the manubrium and body of the sternum is the sternal angle (a cartilaginous joint which acts like a hinge). The elasticity of the ribcage allows for breathing. The eighth to 10th pair connect to the cartilage of the pair above at the front, while the lowest two pairs are ‘floating’. Most people have 12 pairs of ribs, which surround the thoracic cavity and protect the lungs, heart and other thoracic organs (some people have one more or one less pair). ![]() It supports the clavicles and connects with the cartilages of the first seven pairs of ribs. It consists of the manubrium, the gladiolus and the xiphoid process. Sternum and ribs The sternum is a long, flat bone in the middle of the thorax. The skull also supports the structure of the face and contains the eye sockets, nasal bones, temporal bone protecting the structures of the ear, and teeth and jaws to allow biting and chewing (Waugh and Grant, 2006). Together these form a large cranial cavity, which protects the brain. The skull The skull has two sets of bones - eight cranial and 14 facial (the main ones are shown in Fig 3). It consists of three to five bones that are fused together in adults. ![]()
0 Comments
Leave a Reply. |
AuthorWrite something about yourself. No need to be fancy, just an overview. ArchivesCategories |